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Possibilities of oil shale mining under the
Selisoo mire of the Estonia oil shale deposit
Article in Environmental Earth Sciences · December 2013
DOI: 10.1007/s12665-013-2396-x
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Environmental Earth Sciences
December 2013, Volume 70, Issue 7, pp 33113321
Date: 27 Mar 2013
Possibilities of oil shale mining under the Selisoo mire of the
Estonia oil shale deposit
Abstract
The paper presents results of the study on oil shale mining (Estonia underground mine) possibilities
under the Selisoo mire. The Selisoo area is 2,051 ha in extent, and most of the mire is in natural state.
Peat layer consists of thick (4.4–6.5 m) oligotrophic peat. Mining under Selisoo will go at depths 65–
70 m under the surface. The mining field of the Estonia mine was planned between Ahtme and
Viivikonna fault zones. The lowest hydraulic conductivity of carbonate rocks 0.11 l/day per m2
is
found in the Oandu layer and for peat it is 0.35–0.0002 m/day. Therefore, together they form a good
aquitard. When the annual rainfall amount is the highest, the difference between horizontal water
inflow and runoff is positive with 127,000 m3
. Positive water balance is guaranteed in case of
precipitation being at least 540 mm/year. The positive water balance is important for preserving the
ecological system of Selisoo mire. For guaranteeing longterm stability of mine pillars, a new
calculation method has been elaborated, based on the conventional calculation scheme, where the
factor of safety is more than 2.3. Rheological processes are out of question, collapse of the pillars is
impossible. Stability of the underground constructions and overburden rocks must be “eternal”. The
criteria were elaborated for oil shale mining and will guarantee preservation of mires in natural or
close to natural state.
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